The overuse and abuse of prosecution and imprisonment is leading to family disintegration.

Children in conflict with the law are especially vulnerable due to the circumstances that are likely to have precipitated their incarceration (these include, but are not limited to poverty, trauma, prior victimization, mental health issues, cognitive delay, etc).

Prison overcrowding and delays in the justice process.

Lack of access to legal services access "For many prisoners, the cost of legal representation is an insurmountable barrier. Without financial resources, they are left to navigate the complex legal system alone."

Long Pretrial incarceration, especially among people living in poverty who cannot pay bail or bond. "The backlog of cases and slow judicial processes mean that prisoners often spend years in pre-trial detention without access to legal counsel."